NTA UGC NET English - June 2025 - PYQs

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51. Who said that “Shakespeare was the Homer, or father of our dramatic poets; Johnson was the Vergil, the pattern of elaborate writing”?

1. Matthew Arnold
2. John Dryden
3. Samuel Johnson
4. Ben Johnson

Answer - 2 (answer given 2)

John Dryden famously wrote:

“Shakespeare was the Homer, or father of our dramatic poets; Johnson was the Vergil, the pattern of elaborate writing.”

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52.Choose the correct key points related to approach to Feminism and Gender Studies:

Statements:
A. Feminism is concerned with the marginalization of women in a patriarchal culture.
B. Feminist critics explain how the subordination of women is reflected or challenged by literary texts. They examine the experiences of women of all races, classes, sexual preferences, and cultures.
C. Mary Wollstonecraft defines four models of sexual difference: biological, linguistic, psychoanalytic, and cultural.
D. Feminist critics’ goals: to expose patriarchal premises and resulting prejudices, to promote the discovery and reevaluation of literature by women, and to examine social, cultural, and psychosexual contexts of literature and literary criticism.
E. Simone de Beauvoir prefers “womanism” to “feminism.”

Options:

1. A, B and C Only
2. A, B and D Only
3. B, C and D Only
4. B, D and E Only

Answer - 2

A is correct: Feminism addresses marginalization in patriarchy.

B is correct: Feminist criticism deals with literary representation of women’s experiences.

C is incorrect: The four models mentioned are not attributed to Mary Wollstonecraft but to Toril Moi or later theorists. Wollstonecraft focused more on reason, education, and equality, especially in A Vindication of the Rights of Woman.

D is correct: It rightly outlines feminist critics’ goals.

E is incorrect: The term “womanism” is associated with Alice Walker, not Simone de Beauvoir. Beauvoir is known for The Second Sex and the idea: “One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman.”

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53 Read the following statements carefully and find out the correct ones:

1. Charles Lamb was a lifelong friend of Coleridge and defender of the poetic creed of Wordsworth.

2. The London crowd, with its pleasures and occupations, never attracted Charles Lamb.

3. Charles Lamb gave usthe best pen-portraits of Coleridge, Hazlitt, Landor, Hood, and many more of the interesting men and women of his age.

4. Charles Lamb wrote Essays of Elia, Tales from Shakespeare and The Revolt of the Tartars.

5. Lamb was especially fond of old writers, and was apparently unable to express his new thought without using their old quaint expressions.

6. A, B and c Only

7. B, C and D Only

8. A,C andE Only

9. C, D and E Only

Answer - 3 A,C, E

A is not fully correct as he was not a strong defender of Wordsworth’s poetic creed. Lamb appreciated Wordsworth’s genius but was not deeply aligned with his theory of poetry as expressed in the Preface to Lyrical Ballads.

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54. Arrange the following books in chronological order

1. G. N. Shuster’s The English Ode from Milton to Keats
2. Paul H. Fry’s The Poet’sCalling in the English Ode
3. John Heath-Stubbs’ The Ode
4. Carol Maddison’s Appollo and the Nine: A History of the Ode
5. E. G.M. Foley’s Oral Traditional Literature

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

1. C, A, D, E, B
2. A, B, C, E, D
3. A, D, C, B, E
4. E,B,C,D,A

Answer - 3

G. N. Shuster – 1940

D. Carol Maddison – 1960

C. John Heath-Stubbs – 1974

B. Paul H. Fry – 1980

E. E. G. M. Foley – 1988

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55. Match List-I with List-l

List-I List-l|

(Term) (Meaning)

A. Et. Sq. i. The same

B. Idem. Ii. In the place cited

C. Loc. Cit. iii. Everywhere

D. Passim iv. And the following

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

A-lll, B-l|, C-I, D-IV

A- II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

A-Iv, B-I, C-II, D-III

A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II

Answer - 3

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56. Who has coined the phrase “Bricolage”?

1. Claude LeviStrauss
2. Raymond Williams
3. Martin Heidegger
4. Michel Foucault

Answer - 1

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57. Arrange the following statements in a chronological order

1. Nissim Ezekiel founded Quest, a general intellectual review associated with liberal democratic politics

2. The llustrated Weekly of India sponsored a short story competition and began publishing contemporary Indian English poetry

3. The Writers Workshop began to publish volumes of poetry

4. C. R. Mandy became editor of the llustrated Weekly of India.

5. A, C, B, D

6. D, B, A, C

7. B, C, A, D

8. B, A, D, C

Answer - 2

C. R. Mandy became editor of The Illustrated Weekly of India – earliest, happened around the early 1950s.

The Illustrated Weekly of India sponsored literary competitions and began publishing Indian English poetry – mid-1950s.

Nissim Ezekiel founded Quest – in 1955.

The Writers Workshop began publishing poetry volumes – founded in 1958 by P. Lal.

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58. Match List-I with List-ll:

1. A-iv, B-i, C-ii, C-iii
2. A-ii, B-iv, C-I, D- III
3. A-ii, B-I, C-iii, D-IV
4. A-iii, B-II, C-I, D-IV

Answer - 2

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59. Identify the subtitle of Oliver Goldsmith’s semi- autobiographical poem, “The Traveller

1. A Prospect of Society
2. The Citizen of the World
3. The Fashionable Lover
4. An Ancient Epic Poem

Answer - 1

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60. Identify the correct chronological order as per the publication years of the following works:

A. Characteristics of Men, Manners, Opinions and Times
B. The Advancement of Learning
C. Inquiry into the Original of our Idea of Beauty and Virtues
D. The Plan of a Dictionary of the English Language

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A, C, D, B
2. C, A, D, B
3. D, B, A, C
4. B, A, C, D

Answer - B, A, D, C (Given Answer - B,A,CD)- 4th option

Arranged Chronologically:

B. The Advancement of Learning – 1605

A. Characteristics of Men, Manners, Opinions and Times – 1711

D. The Plan of a Dictionary of the English Language – 1747

C. Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful – 1757

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61. If the glide is distinct enough to be heard, the vowel + glide will be treated as:

1. A diphthong
2. A monophthong
3. A sequence of two vowels
4. A sequence of two consonants

Answer - 3

A diphthong is a smooth transition between two vowel sounds within the same syllable, where the glide is not sharply distinct.

But when the glide is distinct enough to be heard separately, the sound is no longer a smooth diphthong. Instead, it becomes a sequence of two vowels—often spread across two syllables (called a hiatus).

This makes it not a diphthong but a vowel sequence.

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62. Who, amongst the following, attempted to reconcile discrepancies between various classical authors such as Plato and Aristotle, as well as between philosophy and poetry?

1. Sir Philip Sidney
2. Longinus
3. The Neo-Platonists
4. John Dryden

The Neo-Platonists (e.g., Plotinus, Porphyry, Proclus) were known for harmonizing the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle, interpreting them as part of a single unified metaphysical tradition.

They also sought to bridge the gap between philosophy and art, particularly poetry, seeing beauty and inspiration in art as reflections of divine truth.

Answer - 3

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63. Since the publication of Samuel Johnson’s “Preface to Shakespeare” in 1765, which of the Unities have been regarded as optional devices, available as needed by playwrights in England to achieve special effects of dramatic concentration?

1. Unities of Time and Action
2. Unities of Place and Action
3. Unities of Place and Time
4. Unity of Place only

Answer - 3

In his “Preface to Shakespeare” (1765), Samuel Johnson challenged the rigid enforcement of the classical unities(Time, Place, Action) as defined by Aristotle and advocated by French Neoclassicists. Johnson argued that:

Unity of Action is useful, but not mandatory.

Unities of Time and Place are not essential to the enjoyment or effectiveness of a play.

He praised Shakespeare for ignoring these unities and still achieving dramatic effectiveness and emotional impact.

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64. Match List-I with List-II

1. A-lI, B-IV, C-I, D-1|
2. A-l, B-ll, C-IlI, D-IV
3. A-I, B-1, CIV, D-!I
4. A-1V, B-Il, C-lIl, D-I

Answer - 1

A. Lois Reynolds Kerr → I. Dark Harvest

B. Dorothy Livesay → IV. Joe Derry

C. Gwen Pharis Ringwood → II. Guest of Honour

D. Carol Bolt → III. Red Emma

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65. Read the following statements carefully and choose the correct ones:

A. A mixed metaphor conjoins two or more obviously diverse metaphoric vehicles.
B. In metonymy, a part of something is used to signify the whole.
C. To scan a passage of verse is to go through it line by line to analyze its content, theme and diction.
D. The term kenning denotes the recurrent use, in the poems written in old Germanic languages, of a descriptive phrase in place of the ordinary name for something.
E. Figurative language is often divided into two categories: Tropes and Schemes.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. A, D and E only
2. B, C and E only
3. B, C and D only
4. A, B and D only

Answer - 1

A. TRUE – Mixed metaphor: two or more incompatible metaphors combined.

B. FALSE – This is the definition of synecdoche, not metonymy. In metonymy, the associated thing (not a part) is used.

C. FALSE – Scansion refers to analyzing meter and rhythm, not content or theme.

D. TRUE – Kenning is a figurative expression replacing a noun, found in Old English/Icelandic poetry.

E. TRUE – Figures of speech are often divided into Tropes (meaning-based) and Schemes (form-based).

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66. Which group of the poets among the following is known as the Georgian Poets?

1. Alfred Noyce, W. B. Yeats, W. H. Davis, W. W. Gibson
2. Rupert Brooke, Walter de la Mare, John Drinkwater, James Elroy Flecker
3. John Masefield, Roy Campbell, Robert Graves, Dylan Thomas
4. W. B. Yeats, T. S. Eliot, Thomas Hardy, D. H. Lawrence

Answer - 2

Prominent Georgian Poets include:

Rupert Brooke

Walter de la Mare

John Drinkwater

James Elroy Flecker

W. H. Davies, Lascelles Abercrombie, Wilfrid Wilson Gibson, among others.

Their poetry is generally pastoral, romantic, and lyrical, often criticized by Modernists for being conventional.

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67. For Arnold, Culture is:

A. the ability to know what is best
B. the ability to know what is worst
C. the mental and spiritual application of what is best
D. the pursuit of what is best
E. the pursuit of what is worst

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

A, C and E only

B, C and E only

B, C and D only

A, C and D only

Answer - 4

In Matthew Arnold’s seminal work Culture and Anarchy (1869), he defines culture as:

“a pursuit of our total perfection by means of getting to know, on all the matters which most concern us, the best which has been thought and said in the world.”

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68. Arrange the following works of Feminism in chronological order:

A. The Female Imagination
B. The Madwoman in the Attic
C. A Literature of Their Own
D. Women’s Oppression Today: Problems in Marxist Feminist Analysis
E. Revolution in Poetic Language

Answer - 3

E (1974), A (1975), C (1977), B (1979), D (1980)

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69. Match List-I with List-II:

Answer - 1

A. Thick description → IV. Clifford Geertz
Introduced in anthropology, “thick description” was popularized by Clifford Geertz for cultural interpretation.

B. Transcendental signified → I. Jacques Derrida
A central concept in Derrida’s deconstruction, critiquing the idea of a fixed center of meaning.

C. Vehicle, Tenor → II. I. A. Richards
Part of his theory of metaphor in The Philosophy of Rhetoric.

D. Alienation Effect → III. Bertolt Brecht
A theatrical technique meant to prevent emotional identification, encouraging critical detachment.

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70

List

Answer - 4

A. Pidgin → III. A contact language from multiple languages

B. Creole → IV. Evolved pidgin, used in colonial/postcolonial contexts

C. Idiolect → I. A person’s unique language use

D. Register → II. Language variation based on social context

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71. Name the theory which assumes that “culture is not separate from nature, and that there is no hierarchy of actants such that the human is more privileged”.

1. Actor Network Theory
2. Posthumanism
3. Cultural Materialism
4. Adaptation Theory

Answer - 1

Actor Network Theory (ANT), developed by Bruno Latour, Michel Callon, and John Law, posits that:

Humans and non-humans (actants) are part of the same network.

There is no hierarchy privileging humans over non-human entities (e.g., machines, texts, animals).

It dissolves the boundary between culture and nature, treating both as relationally produced.

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72. Who wrote to the Committee of Public Instruction on introducing English as the official language of the Government and that of education?

1. Robert Clive
2. Warren Hastings
3. William Bentinck
4. Zachary Macaulay

Answer - 3

Lord William Bentinck, as Governor-General of India, supported the introduction of English as the medium of instruction.

The famous Minute on Indian Education (1835) was written by Thomas Babington Macaulay, but it was Bentinck who wrote to the Committee of Public Instruction advocating English over Oriental languages in education.

He endorsed Macaulay’s views officially, marking a key moment in colonial educational policy.

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73. Arrange the following works of Criticism chronologically:

A. More than Cool Reason
B. Death is the Mother of Beauty
C. Margins of Discourse
D. Meter in English: A Critical Engagement
E. The Rule of Metaphor

1. B, D, C, A, E
2. C, A, E, D, B
3. E, D, A, C, B
4. E, A, C, B, D

Answer - 4

E (1975), C (1978), A (1989), D (1996), B (2002)

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74. Who described Raja Rammohun Roy as “the inaugurator of the modern age in India”?

1. Rabindranath Tagore
2. Cavelly Venkata Boriah
3. Mahatma Gandhi
4. Jyotiba Phule

Answer - 1

Rabindranath Tagore famously described Raja Rammohun Roy as “the inaugurator of the modern age in India” for his pioneering work in social reform, education, women’s rights, and his role in ushering in rational and modern thinking during colonial India.

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75. Who among the following Mughal rulers carried out an experiment for newborn babies to be raised in silence, only to find that the children produced no speech at all?

1. Akbar
2. Bahadur Shah Zafar
3. Aurangzeb
4. Babur

Answer - 1

The Mughal emperor Akbar conducted an early psychological experiment in the belief that language is innate and that children raised without hearing speech would develop a “natural” language.
He had babies raised in silence (without any spoken language or interaction). However, they did not develop speech at all, which led to the realization that language acquisition depends on social and auditory interaction.

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76. Which of the following critics are associated with the Frankfurt School of German Intellectuals?

A. Walter Benjamin
B. Laura Mulvey
C. Travis Henderson
D. Max Horkheimer
E. Leo Lowenthal

1. A,D, and E only
2. C,D, and E only
3. B, Cand D Only
4. A, C and E Only

Answer - 1

The Frankfurt School, associated with Critical Theory, includes several German thinkers and social critics known for their Marxist orientation:

A. Walter Benjamin – Associated with the Frankfurt School; known for The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction

D. Max Horkheimer – One of the founding members of the Frankfurt School

E. Leo Lowenthal – A prominent sociologist and member of the Frankfurt School

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77. Match List-I with List-II:

Answer - 1

A. Thinking About Women → II. Mary Ellman

B. The Female Eunuch → IV. Germaine Greer

C. The Dialectic of Sex → III. Shulamith Firestone

D. The Feminine Mystique → I. Betty Friedan

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78. Read the following statements carefully and choose the correct ones:

A. Mikhail Bakhtin traces the roots of the novel back into the imperial Rome and ancient Hellenistic romances.
B. Henry James considers the novel as the epic of a prosaic modern world.
C. Margaret Anne Doody locates novel’s birthplace in the cultures of the ancient Mediterranean.
D. F. R. Leavis defines novel as “one bright book of life”.
E. Georg Lukács calls the novel “the epic of a world abandoned by God”.

A, C and E Only

A, B and D Only

B, C and D Only

C, D and E Only

Answer - 1

D. F. R. Leavis defines novel as “one bright book of life”.

Incorrect – This is a famous quote by D. H. Lawrence, not F. R. Leavis. Leavis valued the English novel highly but did not coin this phrase.

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79. Jacques Derrida’s Archive Fever: A Freudian Impression is related to:

1. Archival Method
2. Biographical Method
3. Visual Method
4. Creative Method

Answer - 1

In Archive Fever (1995), Derrida explores the concept of archiving and memory, using Freudian psychoanalysis to discuss how archives shape and are shaped by power, history, and desire. This forms a foundational text in archival theory and cultural studies.

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80. Choose the correct chronological order of the given works on Postcolonial Criticism:

A. In Other Worlds
B. Postcolonial Literary Studies: First Thirty Years
C. Nation and Narration
D. The Protestant Ethnic and the Spirit of Capitalism
E. Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization

Options:

A, E, C, B, D

C, A, E, B, D

E, D, A, C, B

A, C, E, D, B

Answer - 4

A. In Other Worlds – 1987 (Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak)

C. Nation and Narration – 1990 (edited by Homi K. Bhabha)

E. Modernity at Large – 1996 (Arjun Appadurai)

D. The Protestant Ethnic and the Spirit of Capitalism – 2002 (Rey Chow)

B. Postcolonial Literary Studies: The First Thirty Years – 2005 (edited by Jenny Sharpe & Gayatri Spivak)

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81. Identify the poem in which the following lines occur:
“My babe so beautiful! It thrills my heart / With tender gladness, thus to look at thee”.

Options:

1. A Prayer for My Daughter
2. Frost at Midnight
3. Lucy Gray
4. Ode on Melancholy

Answer - 2

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82. Who has described his criticism as a “by-product” of his “private poetry-workshop” and as “a prolongation

of the thinking that went into the formation of my own verse”?

1. S. T. Coleridge
2. Matthew Arnold
3. Ezra Pound
4. TS Eliot

Answer - 4

T. S. Eliot viewed his criticism not as separate from his poetry, but as an extension of the poetic process itself. His critical essays (such as Tradition and the Individual Talent, Hamlet, and The Metaphysical Poets) were deeply informed by the same intellectual rigor and aesthetic principles that shaped his verse.

This view reflects Modernist concerns with artistic unity, impersonality, and intellectual engagement in both poetry and criticism.

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83. Which of the following is not a distinct discourse analytical research tradition as suggested by Margaret Wetherell et al.?

1. Discursive psychology
2. Bakhtinian research
3. Saussurian research
4. Foucauldian research

Answer - 3

Margaret Wetherell and colleagues identify several major strands of discourse analysis such as:

Discursive psychology

Foucauldian discourse analysis

Conversation analysis

Critical discourse analysis

Bakhtinian approaches (less formalized but still acknowledged)

However, Saussurian research refers more broadly to structural linguistics and is not typically treated as a discourse analytical tradition in the applied research sense. It’s foundational, but not a direct branch of discourse analysis as framed by Wetherell.

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84. The study of how human beings acquire language and how we use language to speak and understand is called:

1. Theoretical Linguistics
2. Sociolinguistics
3. Applied Linguistics
4. Psycholinguistics

Answer - 4

Psycholinguistics is the field that investigates the psychological and neurobiological processes that enable humans to acquire, use, comprehend, and produce language. It studies how language is represented and processed in the brain, especially in relation to language acquisition, comprehension, and production.

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85. Who has designed “Panopticon” and used the term as “a new mode of obtaining power of mind over mind”?

1. Antony Easthope
2. Jeremy Bentham
3. Alan Sheridan
4. Madan Sarup

Answer - 2

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86. Arrange the following works of John Storey in their chronological order of publication:

A. Inventing Popular Culture: From Folklore to Globalisation
B. Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction
C. What is Cultural Studies: A Reader
D. Cultural Consumption and Everyday Life
E. Culture and Power in Cultural Studies: The Politics of Signification

Options:

B, C, D, A, E

C, A, E, B, D

E, D, A, C, B

E, A, C, B, D

Answer - 1

B. Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction – 1993

C. What is Cultural Studies: A Reader – 1996

D. Cultural Consumption and Everyday Life – 1999

A. Inventing Popular Culture: From Folklore to Globalisation – 2003

E. Culture and Power in Cultural Studies: The Politics of Signification – 2006

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87. Arrange the following stages of first language acquisition schedule in their chronological order:

A. The Two-Word Stage
B. Telegraphic Speech
C. The One-Word Stage
D. Cooing
E. Babbling

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

B, C, A, E, D

C, A, B, E, D

C, A, D, E, B

D, E, C, A, B

Answer - 4

The correct chronological order of first language acquisition stages is:

Cooing – Early vowel-like sounds (around 6–8 weeks)

Babbling – Repetitive consonant-vowel sounds (around 4–6 months)

One-Word Stage – Single word utterances with meaning (around 12 months)

Two-Word Stage – Combining two words (around 18–24 months)

Telegraphic Speech – Simple, grammatically inconsistent phrases (around 2–3 years)

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88. “Territorialization” is a term given by—

1. Gayatri C. Spivak
2. Edward Said
3. John Macleod
4. Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari

Answer - 4

The concept of “territorialization”, along with “deterritorialization”, is a key term in the works of Deleuze and Guattari, particularly in A Thousand Plateaus. These terms are central to their philosophy of rhizomatics and assemblage theory, explaining how cultural and social phenomena are rooted (territorialized) and disrupted or displaced (deterritorialized).

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89. The term “Trace”, which refers to the trace of the other, has been borrowed by Jacques Lacan from:

1. Jacques Derrida
2. Immanuel Levinas
3. Sigmund Freud
4. Christopher Norris

Answer - 2

Jacques Lacan borrowed the idea of the “trace of the Other” from Immanuel Levinas, who developed this concept in his ethical philosophy. While Derrida also explores the idea of the trace, particularly in deconstruction, Lacan’s ethical inflection and the notion of the “Other” owe more directly to Levinas’s phenomenological and ethical thought.

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90 . Match the following

1. A–I, B–II, C–III, D–IV
2. A–III, B–IV, C–II, D–I
3. A–I, B–III, C–IV, D–II
4. A–IV, B–I, C–II, D–III

Answer - 2

Collocation refers to typical word pairings (e.g., “make a decision”).

Inflected describes how words change form to express tense, number, mood, etc.

Polarity involves oppositional meaning structures (e.g., positive/negative statements).

Generative grammar, as coined by Chomsky, refers to rules that generate all grammatically correct sentences.

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91. Match the following

A–II, B–I, C–IV, D–III

A–I, B–II, C–III, D–IV

A–III, B–I, C–IV, D–II

A–IV, B–II, C–III, D–I

Answer - 1

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92. Choose the statements given by Virginia Woolf about women:

A. “She is born stupid and can do nothing but stupidity.”
B. “She dominates the lives of kings and conquerors in fiction.”
C. “She pervades poetry from cover to cover; she is all but absent from history.”
D. She criticized Shakespeare for being harsh and rude to his female characters in his plays.
E. “(I)n real life she could hardly read, could scarcely spell, and was the property of her husband”.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. A, B and E Only
2. B, C and E Only
3. A, D and E Only
4. A, B and C Only

Answer - 2

A. ✘ False. Woolf never claimed women are inherently stupid — she critiques such attitudes.

D. ✘ False. She does not directly attack Shakespeare’s depiction of women but instead uses the idea of a fictional sister Judith Shakespeare to explore gender inequality.

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93. Which bibliography is concerned with the close analysis of individual copies of books in the light of our knowledge of how books were produced in literary research?

Options:

1. Descriptive bibliography
2. Analytical bibliography
3. Enumerative bibliography
4. Historical bibliography

Answer - 2

Analytical bibliography focuses on the physical aspects of books — such as paper, type, printing, and binding — to understand how books were manufactured. It involves close inspection of individual copies to trace their history and production processes, often used in textual criticism and scholarly editing.

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94. Who has written, “The two pillars upon which a theory of criticism must rest are an account of value and an account of communication”?

Options:

1. William Empson
2. I. A. Richards
3. Ezra Pound
4. J. C. Ransom

Answer - 2

This quote reflects I. A. Richards’ foundational ideas in literary criticism. In works like Principles of Literary Criticism(1924) and Practical Criticism (1929), Richards argued that any literary theory must involve both evaluation of literary value and an understanding of how meaning is communicated — thus emphasizing both aesthetics and semantics.

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95. Choose the correct statements amongst the following:

A. Macaulay was the practical man of affairs, helping and rejoicing in the progress of his beloved country.
B. Ruskin was like a Hebrew prophet just in from the desert, and the burden of his message was, “Woe to them that are at ease in Zion!”
C. Arnold was much like the cultivated Greek; his voice was soft, his speech suave, but he left the impression that you must be deficient in culture.
D. Newman was like the best French prose writers in expressing his thought with such naturalness and apparent ease that, without thinking of style, we received exactly the impression which he meant to convey.

Options:

A, B and C Only

A, C and D Only

B, C and E Only

C, D and E Only

Answer - 2

These comparative character sketches come from Culture and Anarchy and essays by Matthew Arnold and his contemporaries, where:

A refers accurately to Macaulay’s patriotic, utilitarian prose style.

C reflects Arnold’s ideal of Hellenism (cultivated Greek) and the tone of cultural authority.

D rightly summarizes the clarity and elegance of Newman’s prose, often admired even by Arnold.

B, while colorful, is an exaggerated and metaphorical comment often misattributed or out of scholarly context.

E is not present in the options A–D and hence invalid.

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96. Which of the following works is not written by William Cooper?

Scenes from Provincial Life

Scenes from Married Life

The Field Marshal’s Memoirs

Memoirs of a New Man

Answer - 3

William Cooper (real name: H. S. Hoff) is known for:

Scenes from Provincial Life (1950)

Scenes from Married Life

Memoirs of a New Man

The Field Marshal’s Memoirs is not authored by William Cooper and does not belong to his realistic fiction repertoire.

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97. Choose the correct statements:

A. English literature was first offered as a subject of study at King’s College, London in 1831.
B. English was first offered as a subject of study in England only in 1828 in the universities of Oxford and Cambridge.
C. Though taught as a medium of instruction and a subject of study in India since 1850s, Oxford and Cambridge did not allow the new subject of English literature to be taught till the end of the nineteenth century.
D. In 1931, English replaced the study of classics in Greek and Latin (the language of the Church) in Oxford and Cambridge.
E. Till the end of the nineteenth century literature meant only the study of great books in classical languages like Greek and Latin in Oxford and Cambridge.

Choose the most appropriate answer:

A, C and E only

B, C and D only

A, B and C only

B, D and E only

Answer - 1

B- Incorrect: 1828 is the correct year but King’s College predates Oxford/Cambridge in English Lit.

D- Incorrect: 1931 is too late; English had already entered academic curricula before this.

4255898881

98. Arrange the following statements chronologically in order of their appearance in Aristotle’s Poetics:

A. The plot is “the end at which tragedy aims”.
B. Regarding the Plot, “A whole is what has a beginning and middle and end”.
C. The plot of the tragedy should have a Unity: “the component incidents must be so arranged that if one of them be transposed or removed, the unity of the whole is dislocated and destroyed”.
D. The character in question must occupy a mean between these extremes: he must be a man “who is not pre-eminently virtuous and just, and yet it is through no badness or villainy of his own that he falls into the misfortune, but rather through some flaw in him”.
E. The function of the poet is to narrate “events such as might occur … in accordance with the laws of probability or necessity”.

Choose the correct answer:

1. E, D, B, C, A
2. B, A, C, E, D
3. C, D, A, B, E
4. A, B, C, E, D

Answer - 4

E. The function of the poet is to narrate “events such as might occur … in accordance with the laws of probability or necessity”.
This is discussed early, in Chapter 9, when Aristotle compares poetry to history.

D. The character in question must occupy a mean between these extremes… through some flaw in him.
This occurs in Chapter 13, under the concept of hamartia – the tragic flaw.

B. Regarding the Plot, “A whole is what has a beginning and middle and end”.
Found in Chapter 7, while discussing the nature of a complete plot.

C. The plot of the tragedy should have a Unity…
Found in Chapter 8, directly following the concept of a complete plot.

A. The plot is “the end at which tragedy aims”.
This is stated in Chapter 6, where Aristotle outlines the six parts of tragedy.

4255898838

99. Erziehungsroman is a term which signifies:

1. French Term signifies ‘Novel of Manners’
2. Greek Term signifies ‘Novel of Love’
3. Roman Term signifies ‘Novel of Sentiments’
4. German Term signifies ‘Novel of Education’

Answer - 4

Erziehungsroman is a German literary term.

It translates to “novel of education” or “educational novel.”

It focuses on the moral and psychological development of the protagonist, often through formal education and life experience.

Closely related to the Bildungsroman, but more specifically focused on education as a formative influence.

4255898841

100. According to Ferdinand de Saussure, what is the minimum number necessary to complete the speaking-circuit?

1

2

3

4

Answer - 2

Ferdinand de Saussure, in his Course in General Linguistics, explains the speaking circuit (circuit de la parole) as requiring at least two participants:

One speaker (sender)

One listener (receiver)

4255898900

101. Choose the correct statements regarding scope of linguistics from the following:

A. To describe and trace the history of all observable languages.
B. To determine the forces that are permanently and universally at work in all languages.
C. To study manifestations of civilized human speech only.
D. To consider only correct speech and flowery language.
E. To delimit and define itself.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

A, B and E Only

B, C and D Only

B, D and E Only

A, C and D Only

Answer - 1

A : Describing and tracing the history of observable languages is part of historical linguistics.

B : Determining universal and permanent forces is the goal of general or theoretical linguistics.

E : Linguistics is a discipline that also delimits and defines its field, especially in structuralist and generative traditions.

C is incorrect because linguistics does not restrict itself to “civilized” speech; it includes all human language, including dialects and non-standard varieties.
D is incorrect as modern linguistics is descriptive, not prescriptive — it doesn’t judge “correctness” or “flowery” usage.

4255898863

102. The term “Chronotope” has been coined by—

1. Mikhail Bakhtin
2. Stephen Greenblatt
3. Bertolt Brecht
4. J. H. Miller

Answer - 1

The term “chronotope” (literally “time-space”) was coined by Mikhail Bakhtin, the Russian literary theorist, to describe how narrative time and space are represented and interconnected in literature. He introduced this concept in his essay “Forms of Time and of the Chronotope in the Novel” to analyze the structuring of time and space in literary texts.

4255898840

103. Which of the following works is written by Joseph Conrad?

1. Tales of Unrest
2. The Madonna of the Future and Other Tales
3. The Two Magics
4. The Spoils of Poynton

Answer — 1

Tales of Unrest (1898) is a collection of short stories by Joseph Conrad.

The other works are by Henry James:

The Madonna of the Future and The Spoils of Poynton are by Henry James.

The Two Magics is also by Henry James (includes The Turn of the Screw).

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104. Who has coined the term “Onto-Theology”?

1. Jacques Derrida
2. Felix Guattari
3. Gilles Deleuze
4. Ben Johnson

Given answer - 1

The term “Onto-theology” was coined by Martin Heidegger, a German philosopher, in his critique of metaphysics.

Jacques Derrida critiqued onto-theology extensively, but did not coin the term.

Guattari and Deleuze are related to poststructuralism but not this concept.

Ben Jonson was a Renaissance playwright, not a philosopher.

4255898911

105

1. A–III, B–II, C–IV, D–I
2. A–II, B–IV, C–I, D–III
3. A–IV, B–I, C–II, D–III
4. A–III, B–IV, C–II, D–I

Answer - 3

4255898887

106. Read the following statements carefully and find out the correct ones:

A. Geoffrey Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales, Troilus and Criseyde, and Legend of Goode Women.
B. John Milton wrote The Masque of Comus, Astophel and Stella, and Paradise Lost.
C. S. T. Coleridge composed The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Christabel, and The Curse of Kehama.
D. Shakespeare wrote Two Gentlemen of Verona, Rape of Lucrece, and Troilus and Cressida.
E. Alexander Pope’s works include Dunciad, The Rape of the Lock, and Epistle.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

B, C and E Only

A, D and E Only

A, B and D Only

C, D and E Only

Answer - 2

A – Correct: Chaucer indeed wrote all three — The Canterbury Tales, Troilus and Criseyde, and Legend of Good Women. ✅

B – Incorrect: Astrophel and Stella was written by Sir Philip Sidney, not Milton. ❌

C – Incorrect: The Curse of Kehama was written by Robert Southey, not Coleridge. ❌

D – Correct: Shakespeare wrote Two Gentlemen of Verona, The Rape of Lucrece (a poem), and Troilus and Cressida. ✅

E – Correct: Alexander Pope did write The Dunciad, The Rape of the Lock, and several Epistles. ✅

4255898886

107. Choose the correct match of play and playwright:

A. Hali – Rabindranath Tagore
B. Tiger Claw – Lakhan Deb
C. The Flute of Krishna – P. A. Krishnaswami
D. Nalini – Gurucharan Das
E. Hayavadana – Girish Karnad

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. B, C and E Only
2. A, D and E Only
3. A, C and D Only
4. B, C and D Only

Answer - 1

4255898890

108. Choose the correct definitions of language:

A. Language uses symbols that are primarily vocal but may also be visual and its subfields are phonetics, phonology, writing systems, orthography, and nonverbal communication.
B. Language is used for communication and its subfields are sentence processing, pragmatics, discourse analysis, and conversation analysis.
C. Language uses symbols that have unconventionalized meanings and its subfields are universal grammar, innateness, emergentism, neurolinguistics and cross-cultural analysis.
D. Language is a systematic means of communicating ideas or feelings by the use of conventionalized signs, sounds, gestures, or marks having understood meanings.
E. Language has region-specific characteristics and its subfields are phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, discourse analysis, and lexical analysis.

1. A, B and C Only
2. A, B and D Only
3. B, C and D Only
4. B, D and E Only

Answer - given 2

But A, B,D,E seems right

C – Incorrect. This is misleading. Language symbols are conventionalized, not unconventionalized. Also, while terms like “emergentism” and “universal grammar” are real, this definition misframes their context.

4255898848

109. Lord Curzon used the report of Indian Universities Commission of 1902 to:

1. decentralize school education.
2. give representation to Indians in policy making.
3. withdraw Indian Universities Act of 1904.
4. centralize school education under a Director-General of Education

Answer - 4

Lord Curzon implemented the recommendations of the Indian Universities Commission (1902) through the Indian Universities Act of 1904, aiming to bring universities under stricter governmental control and centralize education administration, including the appointment of a Director-General of Education.

4255898876

110. Arrange the following commissions, committees, and events, which were important in the context of the history of English in India, in chronology:

A. Gokak Committee Report
B. Acharya Ramamurti Commission
C. All India Language Conference
D. Kothari Commission
E. The Official Language Act

Options:

B, E, D, C, A

C, E, D, A, B

A, B, D, C, E

D, E, C, B, A

Answer - 2

C (1961) → E (1963) → D (1964–66) → A (1983) → B (1990)

A. Gokak Committee Report – 1983

Formed in Karnataka to look into the primacy of Kannada as the first language in education. It addressed the role of English and regional languages in schools.

B. Acharya Ramamurti Commission – 1990

Also known as the National Policy on Education Review Committee, it evaluated the implementation of the 1986 Education Policy.

C. All India Language Conference – 1961

Important meeting that discussed language policy in India, including the status of English and Hindi.

D. Kothari Commission – 1964–66

Formally known as the Education Commission (1964–66), it was a landmark in Indian education reforms, recommending the three-language formula and emphasizing English as a library language.

E. The Official Language Act – 1963

This act ensured the continued use of English along with Hindi for official purposes beyond the initial 15-year post-independence period.

4255898885

111. Arrange the following steps of material collection according to the hierarchy given by Delia da Sousa Correa and W.R. Owens in The Handbook to Literary Research:

A. Identify your nearest major research library
B. Visit your own university library
C. Identify what is available online
D. Visit your nearest major research library

Options:

1. D, A, C, B
2. A, B, C, D
3. B, A, D, C
4. C, B, A, D

Given answer - 1

Answer - 4

Identifying what is available online – Quickest and most accessible.

Visiting your own university library – Check what is locally available in your institution.

Identifying your nearest major research library – Planning for deeper archival or specialized resources.

Visiting your nearest major research library – Final physical step when previous resources are insufficient.

4255898837

112. Kipling’s story “Mrs Bathurst” is set in:

1. India
2. South Africa
3. Canada
4. Australia

Answer - 2

Rudyard Kipling’s short story “Mrs Bathurst” is set primarily in South Africa, particularly around Simon’s Town, near Cape Town. The story involves British naval officers and discusses themes of memory, loss, and the impact of modern technology (like film).

4255898869

113. Who developed the concept of the cultural circuit, which is important to the study of the interactions of culture and memory in Oral History research method?

1. Michael Holroyd and Roy Harrod
2. Zygmunt Bauman and Robert Putnam
3. Charles Taylor and Elizabeth Wilson
4. Graham Dawson and Al Thomson

Answer - 4

Graham Dawson and Al Thomson contributed significantly to the study of oral history by highlighting the importance of memory, subjectivity, and culture in personal narratives. Their work emphasized the concept of the “cultural circuit”, which refers to how memory is shaped and reshaped through cultural interactions, media, and historical discourse.

4255898910

114. Match List–I with List–II:

1. A–II, B–I, C–IV, D–III
2. A–I, B–IV, C–II, D–III
3. A–III, B–II, C–IV, D–I
4. A–IV, B–III, C–I, D–II

Answer- 4

A. Silas Marner – IV. The Weaver of Raveloe

B. Sybil – III. The Two Nations

C. Frankenstein – I. The Modern Prometheus

D. Oliver Twist – II. The Parish Boy’s Progress

4255898912

115. Match List-I with List-II:

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Options:

A–II, B–III, C–IV, D–I

A–III, B–I, C–II, D–IV

A–IV, B–II, C–III, D–I

A–III, B–IV, C–I, D–II

Answer.- 4

A – Liberty of the Press → John Milton (III)

B – The Vision of Mirza: An Oriental Allegory → Joseph Addison (IV)

C – On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth → Thomas De Quincey (I)

D – Mental Slavery of Modern Workmen → John Ruskin (II)

4255898909

116. Match List-I with List-II:

Options:

A–I, B–III, C–II, D–IV

A–II, B–IV, C–I, D–III

A–IV, B–I, C–II, D–III

A–III, B–I, C–IV, D–II

Answer - 3

A. He turned his back on the ‘two decades of hypocrisy’ → W. H. Auden (IV)

B. The Welsh traditions of the power of spoken word → Dylan Thomas (I)

C. Representative middle-brow voice adjusting to the past → John Betjeman (II)

D. Plays with and against Romantic tradition → Philip Larkin (III)

4255898903

117. Which of the Schools of Criticism has strongly opposed Formalism, in both its European and American varieties, rejecting the view that there is a sharp and definable division between ordinary language and literary language?

A. Marxism
B. Reader Response Criticism
C. Speech–Act Theory
D. New Historicism
E. Postcolonialism

Options:

1. A, B and E Only
2. A, C and E Only
3. B, C and D Only
4. A, D and E Only

Answer - Given option - 3

May be 4

B. Reader Response Criticism
This focuses on the reader’s role in creating meaning but does not directly critique the distinction between literary and ordinary language in the way Marxism or Postcolonialism do. It is more about reception than language structures.

C. Speech–Act Theory
Though it blurs the lines between language types, it’s a philosophical linguistic theory rather than a school of literary criticism that strongly opposes Formalism as a whole.

4255898884

118. Arrange the following core elements of list of Work Cited according to MLA Handbook 9th edition:

A. Publisher
B. Title of Source
C. Author
D. Title of Container
E. Publication Date

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

C, B, D, A, E

C, D, B, E, A

C, B, E, A, D

C, B, D, E, A

Answer - 1

Author → Title of Source → Title of Container → Publisher → Publication Date.

4255898908

119. Match List–I with List–II:

Options:

A–II, B–IV, C–I, D–III

A–IV, B–II, C–I, D–III

A–III, B–I, C–IV, D–II

A–IV, B–III, C–II, D–I

Answer - 2

A. “One day I wrote her name upon the strand…” – Edmund Spenser, from Amoretti Sonnet 75

B. “Under the greenwood tree…” – William Shakespeare, from As You Like It

C. “The curfew tolls the knell of parting day…” – Thomas Gray, from Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard

D. “Remember how we picked the daffodils?” – Ted Hughes, from the poem Daffodils (about Sylvia Plath)

4255898907

120. Match List–I with List–II:

1. A–II, B–IV, C–I, D–III
2. A–IV, B–II, C–I, D–III
3. A–III, B–I, C–IV, D–II
4. A–IV, B–II, C–III, D–I

Answer -1

A. Cynthia’s Revels – Ben Jonson (II)

B. The Maid’s Tragedy – Beaumont and Fletcher (IV)

C. Women Beware Women – Thomas Middleton (I)

D. The Shoemakers’ Holiday – Thomas Dekker (III)

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121. Choose the correct events corresponding with their year:

A. The Official Languages Commission submitted its report in 1936.
B. The first ELTI was established in Allahabad in 1954.
C. The Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages was established in Hyderabad in 1958.
D. National Policy on Education came in 1960.
E. The NEP and POA came in 1986.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

B, C and E Only

A, B and C Only

B, C and D Only

C, D and E Only

Answer - 1

A. Incorrect – The Official Language Commission submitted its report in 1956, not 1936.

B. Correct – The first ELTI (English Language Teaching Institute) was established in Allahabad in 1954.

C. Correct – The Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages (CIEFL) was founded in 1958 in Hyderabad.

D. Incorrect – The first National Policy on Education was launched in 1968, not 1960.

E. Correct – The National Education Policy (NEP) and Programme of Action (POA) were both introduced in 1986.

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122. Which of the following statements have been given by J. S. Mill in his The Subjection of Women:

A. “The husband was called the lord of the wife.”
B. “She is a slave of any boy whose parents forces a ring upon her finger.”
C. “Wives are in general no better treated than slaves.”
D. “The wife is the actual bondservant of her husband.”
E. “If all women are not the victim of actual rape, then all of them are the victims of the threat of rape.”

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

A, B and C Only

A, C and D Only

B, C and D Only

B, D and E Only

Answer - 2

A. “The husband was called the lord of the wife.” Correct
✔ Mill critiques how legally and socially the husband held lordship over the wife.

B. “She is a slave of any boy whose parents forces a ring upon her finger.” Wrong
✘ This exact phrasing does not appear in Mill’s work; it sounds like a paraphrased or dramatized feminist statement, not Mill’s.

C. “Wives are in general no better treated than slaves.” Correct
✔ Yes, Mill does argue this analogy to expose the deep inequality of Victorian marriage.

D. “The wife is the actual bondservant of her husband.” Correct
✔ This is in line with Mill’s comparisons of marriage to slavery or servitude.

E. “If all women are not the victim of actual rape, then all of them are the victims of the threat of rape.” Wrong
✘ This is a radical feminist position not expressed in these terms by Mill.

4255898867

123. Which of the following is not a kind of literary research?

1. Bibliography and textual criticism
2. Biographical
3. Experimental Research
4. Interpretive

Answer - 3

Experimental research: This is primarily a scientific research methodology (common in fields like psychology or medicine), not typically part of traditional literary research.

4255898851

124. Who is of the opinion that the concept of “ideology” is “the most important conceptual category in cultural studies”?

1. James Carry
2. Graeme Turner
3. Raymond Williams
4. Pavarotti

Answer - 2

Graeme Turner, a leading cultural studies theorist, emphasizes in his work that “ideology” is the most important conceptual category in cultural studies because it helps in understanding how power, meaning, and social relations are structured through cultural texts and practices.

Raymond Williams also dealt with ideology, but this exact phrasing and emphasis is more directly attributed to Graeme Turner, particularly in his work British Cultural Studies: An Introduction.

4255898879

125. Arrange the following works of Criticism chronologically:

A. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity
B. A History of Gay Literature: The Male Tradition
C. History of Sexuality
D. New Lesbian Criticism: Literary and Cultural Readings
E. Bodies That Matter

E, D, B, C, A

B, A, C, E, D

C, A, D, E, B

C, B, A, D, E

Answer - 3

C (1976), A (1990), D (1992), E (1993), B (1998)

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126. Arrange the following novels in a chronological order as per their years of publication:

A. The Serpent and the Rope
B. Two Leaves and a Bud
C. A Bend in the Ganges
D. So Many Hungers
E. Waiting for the Mahatma

Options:

A, E, B, D, C

B, A, C, E, D

C, D, B, E, A

B, D, E, A, C

Answer - 4

B. Two Leaves and a Bud – 1937 (Mulk Raj Anand)

D. So Many Hungers – 1947 (Bhabani Bhattacharya)

E. Waiting for the Mahatma – 1955 (R.K. Narayan)

A. The Serpent and the Rope – 1960 (Raja Rao)

C. A Bend in the Ganges – 1964 (Manohar Malgonkar)

4255898849

127. According to the 1991 census, ________ languages are considered scheduled languages.

1. 17
2. 18
3. 20
4. 22

Answer - 2

As per the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution and the 1991 Census data, there were 18 scheduled languagesofficially recognized at that time. The number increased to 22 after the 92nd Constitutional Amendment in 2003.

4255898877

128. Arrange the following works chronologically:
A. The Heart of Hindustan
B. Occasional Speeches and Writings
C. Eastern Religions and Western Thought
D. Dhammapada
E. The Principal Upanishads

Options:

1. D, C, A, B, E
2. C, A, E, B, D
3. B, C, D, E, A
4. A, C, D, E, B

Answer - 4

A. The Heart of Hindustan – 1929

Early reflections on India’s spiritual heritage.

C. Eastern Religions and Western Thought – 1939

Comparative work published by Oxford University Press.

D. Dhammapada (translation) – 1950

Published by Oxford, part of the Sacred Books of the East-style efforts.

E. The Principal Upanishads – 1953

Radhakrishnan’s magnum opus on Indian philosophy.

B. Occasional Speeches and Writings – 1963 onwards

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129. Choose the correct statements.

A. Miller’s play The Crucible was first written in verse.
B. The American Dream is a play by Edward Albee about the absurd situation and immediate realities.
C. The American Dream is a novel by Ionesco about the problems of a middle-aged professional.
D. Miller’s play The Price is set in a baroque palace in eastern Europe teasing social and metaphysical sophistication…
E. Miller’s play The Price explores the extent to which we retrospectively invent our own history.

Options:

1. A, C and D Only
2. B, D and E Only
3. B, C and D Only
4. A, B and E Only

Given Answer - 4

However only b and e are correct

A. Miller’s play The Crucible was first written in verse.

False

The Crucible (1953) was written entirely in prose, though with elevated diction to mimic Puritan speech.

No drafts in verse are known or published — Arthur Miller was not a verse dramatist.

B. The American Dream is a play by Edward Albee about the absurd situation and immediate realities.

True

The American Dream (1961) is an absurdist one-act play by Edward Albee.

It satirizes materialism and disconnection in American life.

Correct description of both authorship and theme.

C. The American Dream is a novel by Ionesco about the problems of a middle-aged professional.

False

This is completely fabricated.

Ionesco wrote absurdist plays, not novels, and never wrote The American Dream.

D. Miller’s play The Price is set in a baroque palace in eastern Europe teasing social and metaphysical sophistication.

False

The Price is set in an attic in New York City, during a reunion between two brothers.

It’s about family, memory, and moral decisions, not a metaphysical setting.

E. Miller’s play The Price explores the extent to which we retrospectively invent our own history.

True

This is a valid and insightful reading of The Price.

The play is deeply concerned with how characters interpret and reconstruct their past choices.

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130. Who prepared the first blueprint on English education in India in 1792?

William Carey

Charles Grant

Lord Minto

William Pitt

Answer - 2

Charles Grant, an East India Company official, wrote “Observations on the State of Society among the Asiatic Subjects of Great Britain” in 1792, which is regarded as the first comprehensive proposal or blueprint for promoting English education and Christian ethics in India.

This document later influenced the Macaulay Minutes (1835) and the Charter Act of 1813, making it a key milestone in the history of colonial education policy.

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131.Read the following statements carefully and choose the correct ones:

A. Patrick White, Christina Stead and Robertson Davies are the famous Australian novelists.
B. The notion of “civilized barbarity” was anticipated in H. Rider Haggard’s 1887 novel Allan Quatermain, in which “Civilization” is said to be “only savagery silver-gilt.”
C. Novels like French Lieutenant’s Woman, Midnight’s Children and Waterland deconstruct traditional notions of history and subjectivity.
D. O’Brien’s Country Girls trilogy and McGahern’s The Dark, which were banned in Ireland, were published during the 1950s.
E. The trauma of the mid-century years accounts for the prevalence of dystopian elements in novels like A Clockwork Orange, Lanark and The Handmaid’s Tale.

1. A, C and D only
2. A, B and D only
3. B, C and E only
4. B, C and D only

Answer - 3

A – Incorrect. Robertson Davies is Canadian, not Australian.

D – Incorrect. The Country Girls trilogy by Edna O’Brien began publication in 1960, not the 1950s. The Darkby John McGahern came in 1965.

4255898862

132. The term “Remainder” has been first used by:

1. Giorgio Agamben
2. Guy Debord
3. Jacques Derrida
4. J. Habermas

Given answer - 3

Answer - 1

The term “remainder” is closely associated with Giorgio Agamben, particularly in his theory of sovereignty and homo sacer, where he explores what remains or is excluded from the political, legal, and linguistic orders. Agamben uses “remainder” to describe that which cannot be fully assimilated by structures of power or representation—central to his biopolitical critique.

The term “remainder” — in the critical-theoretical sense as used in philosophy and political theory — was first conceptually foregrounded by Giorgio Agamben, particularly in the following works:

Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life (1995)

The Remnants of Auschwitz: The Witness and the Archive (1999)

The Coming Community (1990)

4255898913

133. Match List–I with List–II:

1. A–II, B–III, C–I, D–IV
2. A–I, B–II, C–III, D–IV
3. A–IV, B–III, C–I, D–II
4. A–IV, B–II, C–I, D–III

Answer - 1

A. John Gross → II. The Oxford Book of Essays

B. Wendy Martin → III. Essays by Contemporary American Women

C. George Saintsbury → I. A History of English Prose Rhythm

D. Richard A. Lanham → IV. Analyzing Prose

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134. Which of the following rules are correct regarding formatting of date and time in the body of thesis writing according to MLA Handbook 9th Edition?

A. When using the month-day-year style in prose, a comma must be placed after the year unless another punctuation mark follows it.
B. Use a comma between month and year or between season and year.
C. Decades can be written out or expressed in numerals.
D. Spell out centuries in uppercase letters.
E. Numerals are used for most times of the day. Generally, use the twelve-hour clock system in prose.

Options:

A, B, and C only

B, C, and D only

A, C, and E only

C, D, and E only

Answer - 3

A correct — Correct as per MLA: use a comma after the year in month-day-year format.

B incorrect — A comma is not typically used between month and year unless part of the month-day-year format.

C correct — Decades can be written either as “the 1980s” or “the eighties”.

D incorrect — Centuries should be spelled out in lowercase (e.g., “twentieth century”).

E correct — Times are written in numerals, and MLA recommends the 12-hour format (e.g., 9:00 a.m.).

4255898832

135. Question:

Identify the set of poems written by W. B. Yeats.

Options:

1. The Second Coming, Death of Sohrab, Lapis Lazuli, Easter 1916
2. The Home-Coming, Among School Children, Byzantium, When You Are Old
3. Sailing to Byzantium, Leda and the Swan, The Second Coming, The House of Life
4. No Second Troy, Lapis Lazuli, Easter 1916, When You Are Old

Answer - 4

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136. Who among the following is considered as “the father of South African English poetry”?

Options:

1. Rider Haggard
2. Thomas Pringle
3. John Buchan
4. Percy Fitzpatrick

Answer - 2

Thomas Pringle (1789–1834) was a Scottish writer, poet, and abolitionist.

He is widely regarded as the father of South African English poetry.

He co-edited The South African Journal and published Poems Illustrative of South Africa (1825).

He was also active in campaigning against slavery and founded South Africa’s first independent press.

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137. Which of the following statements have been given by Barbara Johnson?

A. “Deconstruction is not synonymous with destruction…”
B. “The deconstruction of a text does not proceed by random doubt or arbitrary subversion…”
C. “Deconstruction is not a dismantling of the structure of a text but a demonstration that it has already dismantled itself.”
D. “If anything is destroyed in a deconstructive reading, it is not the text, but the claim to unequivocal domination of one mode of signifying over another.”
E. “Deconstruction as a mode of interpretation works by a careful and circumspect entering of each textual labyrinth…”

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. A, B and D Only
2. A, C and E Only
3. B, C and D Only
4. A, D and E Only

Given answer - 1

Answer can be 2

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138. In how many volumes was George Eliot’s Middlemarch first published?

1. Five separate volumes
2. Eight separate volumes
3. Seven separate volumes
4. Ten separate volumes

Answer - 2

George Eliot’s Middlemarch was originally published in eight separate parts between 1871 and 1872. This serial publication format was common during the Victorian era, especially for long novels. Later, it was compiled into a single volume.

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139. The “notion of author” constitutes the privileged moment of individualization in the history of ideas, knowledge, literature, philosophy and the sciences.” Identify the critical essay in which the line occurs:

1. The Death of the Author
2. What is an Author
3. Heirs of the Living Body
4. What is New Formalism

Answer - 2

This line appears in Michel Foucault’s seminal essay What is an Author? (1969). In this essay, Foucault explores the historical and philosophical construction of the “author-function” and how the concept of the author shapes discourse, authority, and knowledge across disciplines.

He distinguishes his approach from Roland Barthes’ The Death of the Author, focusing more on institutional and discursive formations rather than simply celebrating the author’s disappearance.

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140. Who made the following remark?

“The Sanskrit language, whatever be its antiquity, is of a wonderful structure; more perfect than the Greek, more copious than the Latin, and more exquisitely refined than either, yet bearing to both of them a stronger affinity, both in the roots of verbs and in the forms of grammar, than could possibly have been produced by accident.”

1. Sir William Jones
2. Patsy M Lightbown
3. Ferdinand de Saussure
4. Albert Sydney Hornby

Answer - 1

This famous remark was made by Sir William Jones, a British philologist and judge in colonial India, in his address to the Asiatic Society in 1786. His statement laid the foundation for the modern discipline of comparative linguistics, suggesting a genetic relationship among Sanskrit, Latin, and Greek – thus contributing to the formulation of the Indo-European language family theory.

From thee, even from thy virtue!

What’s this, what’s this? Is this her fault or mine?

The tempter or the tempted, who sins most? Ha!

Not she: nor doth she tempt; but it is I

That, lying by the violet in the sun,

Do as the carrion does, not as the flower,

Corrupt with virtuous season. Can it be

That modesty may more betray our sense

Than woman’s lightness? Having waste ground enough,

Shall we desire to raze the sanctuary

And pitch our evils there? O, fie, fie, fie!

What dost thou, or what art thou, Angelo?

Dost thou desire her foully for those things

That make her good? O, let her brother live!

Thieves for their robbery have authority

When judges steal themselves. What, do I love her,

That I desire to hear her speak again,

And feast upon her eyes? What is’t I dream on?

O cunning enemy, that, to catch a saint,

With saints dost bait thy hook! Most dangerous

Is that temptation that doth goad us on

To sin in loving virtue: never could the strumpet,

With all her double vigour, art and nature,

Once stir my temper; but this virtuous maid

Subdues me quite. Even till now,

When men were fond, I smiled and wonder’d how.

(passage from Measure for Measure (Act 2, Scene 2), spoken by Angelo)

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141. What kind of temptation does the speaker say is most dangerous?

That which disguises itself as pleasure

That which appears in dreams

That which urges one to sin in loving virtue

That which comes from enemies

Answer - 3

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142. What internal conflict does the speaker express?

Options:

1. A desire to become a monk
2. Regret over a political decision
3. A struggle between his virtue and lust
4. Fear of losing power

Answer - 3

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143. What emotion is the speaker feeling at the end of the passage?

Options:

1. Pride and Joy
2. Indifference
3. Confusion and shame
4. Joy only

Answer - 3

At the end of Angelo’s monologue from Measure for Measure, he says:

“Even till now,
When men were fond, I smiled and wonder’d how.”

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144. According to the speaker, how does temptation disguise itself?

Options:

1. In riches and power
2. As poverty and humility
3. As a virtue
4. In dreams

Answer - 3

n the excerpt from Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure, Angelo reflects on the paradoxical nature of temptation. He says:

“Most dangerous / Is that temptation that doth goad us on / To sin in loving virtue…”

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145. “Thieves for their robbery have authority / When judges steal themselves” implies what?

Options:

1. Society is just.
2. Theft is always punishable.
3. Corruption among judges is hypocritical.
4. Judges are above law.

Answer - 3

This line, spoken by Angelo in Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure, criticizes the double standards in moral judgment. The speaker notes that petty thieves are punished, yet those in power—like judges—commit greater wrongs under the guise of authority. It is a comment on the hypocrisy of those who judge others while being corrupt themselves.

Read the following passage carefully and give the answer of the questions:

Painting, or art generally, as such, with all its technicalities, difficulties, and particular ends, is nothing but a noble and expressive language, invaluable as the vehicle of thought, but by itself nothing. He who has learned what is commonly considered the whole art of painting, that is, the art of representing any natural object faithfully, has as yet only learned the language by which his thoughts are to be expressed. He has done just as much towards being that which we ought to respect as a great painter, as a man who has learned how to express himself grammatically and melodiously has towards being a great poet. The language is, indeed, more difficult of acquirement in the one case than in the other, and possesses more power of delighting the sense, while it speaks to the intellect; but it is, nevertheless, nothing more than language, and all those excellences which are peculiar to the painter as such, are merely what rhythm, melody, precision, and force are in the words of the orator and the poet, necessary to their greatness, but not the tests of their greatness. It is not by the mode of representing and saying, but by what is represented and said, that the respective greatness either of the painter or the writer is to be finally determined.

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146. What does the passage emphasize as the true measure of greatness in painting and writing?

Options:

1. The material used
2. The style and vocabulary
3. The techniques applied
4. The content expressed

Answer - 4

The passage clearly states that the “mode of representing and saying” (i.e., techniques, style, vocabulary) are not the true tests of greatness. Instead, greatness is determined “by what is represented and said” — that is, the content conveyed.

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147. What implicit assumption about language and expression underpins the passage’s argument?

Options:

1. All forms of art must use written language to be effective.
2. Expression without technical skill is more valuable.
3. The medium of expression is secondary to the message conveyed.
4. The value of grammar and melody lies in their aesthetic, not communicative power.

Answer - 3

The passage emphasizes that the techniques of painting or writing—like rhythm, melody, grammar, and precision—are not the ultimate measure of greatness. Instead, greatness is judged by the content expressed, i.e., what is represented and said. Therefore, the underlying assumption is that the medium (language, technique, etc.) is less important than the message itself.

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148. What does the phrase “possesses more power of delighting the sense, while it speaks to the intellect” imply about visual art?

Options:

1. It is primarily sensual and lacks depth.
2. It uniquely blends sensual pleasure with intellectual engagement.
3. It fails to communicate abstract ideas through its art.
4. It relies too much on technique and spectacle.

Answer - 2

The phrase suggests that visual art not only appeals to the senses (delights the sense) but also engages the mind (speaks to the intellect). This implies a harmonious combination of aesthetic beauty and thoughtful content—a dual power of visual pleasure and intellectual depth.

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149. What is the broader philosophical implication of the statement “It is not by the mode of representing and saying, but by what is represented and said…”?

Options:

1. Aesthetic techniques are irrelevant.
2. Ethical and thematic depth are the ultimate measure of artistic value.
3. Abstract art is superior to representational art.
4. The audience determines the value of a work.

Answer- 2

The statement implies that the true value of art or literature lies not in its form or technique, but in the substance or meaning it conveys. Thus, what is represented (content) matters more than how it is represented (style). This reflects a philosophical view that prioritizes moral, thematic, or intellectual content as the real criteria for greatness.

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150.The author’s primary argument suggests that technical mastery in painting is:

Options:

1. The only thing that defines artistic genius
2. A deceptive illusion of greatness in art
3. A necessary foundation but not the essence of true art
4. More important than content in the painting

Answer - 3

The passage emphasizes that technical skills like rhythm, melody, and precision are important but not the final test of greatness. Instead, what is represented and said—the content and meaning—determine the value of art. Technical mastery is acknowledged, but only as a tool, not the essence of true artistic greatness.